The National Health Service (NHS) in the UK has faced criticism for promoting the benefits of first-cousin marriages, despite the higher risk of congenital conditions associated with such unions. The practice of marrying first cousins has been legal in Britain since the 16th century, but current legislation prohibits unions between parents, children, and siblings.

Conservative MP Richard Holden has tabled a bill to outlaw first-cousin marriages, arguing that they pose a risk to children’s health. The bill is due for a second reading early next year. In response to calls for reform, NHS England’s Genomics Education Programme published an article weighing the potential benefits and risks of such marriages. The article cited “stronger extended family support systems and economic advantages” as potential benefits, while conceding the higher risk of congenital conditions.

The NHS compared the genetic risk of cousin marriage to that of having children later in life or smoking and drinking during pregnancy. Earlier material from a Bradford NHS trust suggested that cousin unions, which are linked to about 30% of local birth defects, were comparable to white women delaying childbirth beyond the age of 34. Critics argue that the guidance undermines awareness efforts and that the NHS should not be promoting the benefits of a practice that poses a risk to children’s health.

Aisha Ali-Khan, who lost three brothers to health problems she blames on her parents’ cousin union, has spoken out against the practice, saying she does not want other families to go through what hers did. An NHS England spokesman said the article was a summary of existing research and policy debate, not an official position, and that education and genetic counseling would be more effective than prohibition.

The debate surrounding first-cousin marriages highlights the need for a balanced approach to addressing the risks and benefits associated with such unions. While some argue that prohibiting first-cousin marriages would be an effective way to reduce the risk of congenital conditions, others believe that education and genetic counseling are more effective solutions. The issue is complex and requires careful consideration of the cultural, social, and economic factors at play. As the bill to outlaw first-cousin marriages moves forward, it is likely that the debate will continue, with proponents on both sides arguing their positions.