China’s consumer prices continued to decline in September, with the country’s consumer price index dropping 0.3 percent year-on-year. This decline is a concern for leaders trying to boost domestic spending in the world’s second-largest economy, which is already facing pressure from a trade war with the United States.

The Chinese economy has been grappling with various issues, including a persistent slump in the property market and high youth unemployment. The trade war with the US has added to the uncertainty, causing consumers to be cautious with their spending. The latest data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows that the consumer price index fell 0.3 percent in September, which is a slight improvement from August but worse than expected.

The International Monetary Fund has noted a “weakness in domestic demand” in China, which is echoed in its broader Asian outlook. The IMF suggests that a “rebalancing” of China’s economy through fiscal measures targeting social spending and property would help alleviate deflationary pressure. While deflation may be beneficial for consumers, it poses a threat to the broader economy as households tend to postpone purchases in anticipation of lower prices.

Trade tensions between China and the US remain a significant concern, with the US threatening to impose additional tariffs on Chinese goods. China’s commerce ministry has vowed to “fight to the end” in the trade war, which has led to a decline in producer prices. The producer price index fell 2.3 percent in September, in line with expectations.

Despite some positive trade figures, including an 8.6 percent increase in shipments to the US in September, analysts believe that more demand-side support is needed to prop up the economy. Top leaders from the ruling Communist Party are set to convene in Beijing next week to discuss China’s plan for the next five years, including economic and social development goals. Until then, the prospects for a meaningful improvement in China’s deflationary environment remain limited.