The United Nations is prepared to support Sudan and South Sudan in resuming talks on the disputed Abyei border region, according to a briefing to the Security Council. The region’s fertile strip of territory has been a point of contention between the two neighboring countries, which have been affected by the ongoing war in Sudan. The conflict, which began in April 2023, has pitted the national army against the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), a former ally.

The UN’s peacekeeping mission in the region, known as UNISFA, has been monitoring and verifying the redeployment of forces from the oil-rich area, in line with a 2011 agreement. However, the political process has stalled since the outbreak of the war, with considerable challenges remaining in achieving progress on the final status of Abyei. These challenges include dynamics related to the conflict in Sudan and political uncertainty in South Sudan.

Despite these challenges, there have been movements towards dialogue, and both Sudan and South Sudan have indicated their openness to resuming contact on Abyei. The African Union (AU) has been facilitating engagement between the two sides, and UNISFA will continue to coordinate with the organization. The UN has also welcomed renewed efforts to revive the Abyei political process and looks forward to supporting the AU in this regard.

The situation on the ground remains tense, with an increased presence of RSF elements and associated individuals in northern Abyei. This has contributed to elevated crime rates, particularly in the Amiet Market, a popular trading hub for the Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities. The market’s rapid growth has made it a potential flashpoint for intercommunal tensions, and UNISFA has had to engage regularly with armed actors to facilitate their removal and prevent their return.

The war in Sudan has also had a significant impact on security in South Sudan, with cross-border movements by armed groups leading to increased insecurity in and around the border area. The conflict has also disrupted oil flow and exports through Sudan, resulting in a nearly 25% contraction in South Sudan’s economy. However, oil production and transportation resumed earlier this year after increased bilateral engagement and new arrangements to improve security along the pipeline route.

The UN has called for the immediate withdrawal of all armed forces and other armed actors from Abyei, in conformity with the weapon-free status of the region. The organization remains committed to supporting dialogue and finding a peaceful resolution to the dispute. With the AU’s continued facilitation and the UN’s support, there is hope for a renewed push towards a lasting solution for the Abyei region.