Alarmingly High Vaccine Wastage in Uganda’s Health Facilities Puts Immunization Program at Risk
A shocking new study by researchers at Makerere University School of Public Health has revealed that vaccine wastage in Uganda’s health facilities is far exceeding recommended thresholds, posing a significant threat to the country’s immunization program. The research, published in Global Public Health, found that wastage rates for key childhood vaccines, including BCG, Oral Polio Vaccine, and Measles-Rubella, were alarmingly high, with BCG recording a staggering 70% wastage rate.
The study, which examined vaccine usage in 22 health facilities across Mukono and Kalungu districts, found that the wastage rates were significantly higher than the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommended thresholds. For example, the WHO recommends a maximum wastage of 50% for BCG, but the study found that the actual wastage rate was 20% higher. Similarly, the wastage rate for Measles-Rubella vaccine was 58%, exceeding the WHO’s recommended threshold of 25%.
According to Dr. Simon Kasasa, lead author of the study, "These levels are deeply concerning, especially in a low-resource setting where every dose counts." The researchers identified several contributing factors to the high wastage rates, including the use of large multi-dose vials, poor community turnout during outreach programs, cold chain breakdowns, gaps in documentation, and inadequate staff training.
Despite Uganda’s Ministry of Health reporting strong national vaccine coverage, exceeding 80% for most vaccines, Dr. Kasasa warned that high coverage alone is not enough. "Without minimizing wastage, we risk losing valuable resources and compromising the impact of our immunization efforts," he said. The researchers recommend urgent interventions, including predictive planning tools, reduced-volume vaccine vials, and refresher training for health workers, to address the problem.
The study’s findings are a sobering call to action for policymakers, donors, and health sector leaders to address gaps in vaccine delivery and protect hard-won public health gains. As Uganda works to strengthen its healthcare systems and prevent avoidable childhood deaths, efficient vaccine management is crucial. With a national immunization schedule that starts at birth and includes multiple vaccines, the scope of the program is significant, and minimizing wastage is essential to ensuring its success.
In conclusion, the alarming rates of vaccine wastage in Uganda’s health facilities highlight the need for urgent action to address this critical issue. By implementing effective solutions and prioritizing efficient vaccine management, Uganda can protect its immunization program and ensure that every child has access to life-saving vaccines. As Dr. Kasasa emphasized, "Effective immunization is not just about access; it’s also about accountability and efficiency."
