South Africa’s genocide case against Israel was debated by parliamentarians at a joint meeting of the International Relations and Justice Portfolio committees. The discussion centered on the government’s decision to accuse Israel of genocide, with some MPs criticizing the move.

International Relations Director-General Zane Dangor stated that the country had a legal and moral obligation to act, citing the need to address the situation. The case, currently before the International Court of Justice (ICJ), was initiated by South Africa, with at least 13 other countries filing papers in support.

During the debate, ACDP MP Steve Swart expressed sadness over civilian losses in both Israel and Gaza but emphasized the need to consider Hamas’ role in the conflict. In contrast, MK MP Wesley Douglas accused Israel of systematic attacks on civilians, framing the issue as a matter of humanity.

The South African government’s decision to pursue the case has been met with both support and criticism. Al Jama-ah MP Imraan Ismail-Moosa praised the government’s actions but called for stronger measures, including closing the Israeli embassy and ending trade with Israel. DA MP Ryan Smith, on the other hand, questioned the government’s consistency in international relations and raised concerns over the R95-million cost of the court case.

International Relations Minister Ronald Lamola described Israel’s response to the 7 October attack as “at the very least disproportionate.” The ICJ has found a plausible case for genocide and ordered provisional measures, with Israel required to file its counter-memorial by 12 January 2026. A full judgment is unlikely to be delivered for several years.

The case is significant, with Director-General Dangor noting that it is a defining moment in international law. The costs of the court case are being shared between the Department of International Relations and Cooperation, the Department of Justice, and the Presidency. As the case progresses, it is likely to remain a focal point in international relations and human rights discussions.