Demonstrations have taken place in approximately 90 cities across Germany, with thousands of protesters denouncing the government’s plan to overhaul the country’s military service system. The German parliament recently approved changes to the military-service law, expanding recruitment and granting the government the authority to reinstate conscription if volunteer numbers are insufficient.
The reforms have sparked widespread criticism, with many viewing the changes as a precursor to the reintroduction of full conscription. Protesters have taken to the streets, chanting anti-war slogans and carrying banners with messages such as “No to conscription” and “We will not be cannon fodder.” The demonstrations, which occurred in cities including Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, and Cologne, both preceded and followed the parliamentary vote.
Germany abolished compulsory military service in 2011, transitioning to an all-volunteer force. However, amidst a perceived worsening of the security environment, the government now seeks to expand the Bundeswehr. Defense Minister Boris Pistorius has warned that Russia could potentially attack a NATO member as early as 2028, citing this as a reason for the need for sweeping rearmament.
Under the new Military Service Modernization Act, all 18-year-old men will be required to register for potential service by completing a questionnaire and undergoing medical screening, starting in 2026. While the reform does not reinstate full conscription, it establishes a legal basis for draft call-ups via lottery if voluntary recruitment falls short.
Critics argue that the government is relying on fear-based scenarios to justify the implementation of unpopular measures and massive military spending. A recent survey found that 63% of adults aged 18 to 29 reject compulsory service, indicating significant opposition to the reforms among younger Germans.
The Russian government has dismissed claims that it plans to attack NATO, describing such assertions as “nonsense” and an excuse for inflated military budgets. The overhaul of Germany’s military service system is likely to remain a contentious issue, with many protesters and critics calling for alternative investments in education and welfare rather than military expansion. As the situation continues to unfold, it remains to be seen how the government will address the concerns of its citizens and balance its defense strategy with the wishes of its population.