Lassa fever has resulted in 168 deaths across 21 states in Nigeria this year, according to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. The agency’s situation report for epidemiological week 38 revealed a total of 4,543 suspected cases, with 897 confirmed positive, yielding a case fatality rate of 18.7 percent.

The outbreak is primarily concentrated in four states: Ondo, Edo, Taraba, and Bauchi, which account for 67 percent of all confirmed cases. Ondo state has the highest burden, followed by Edo and Bauchi. Other affected states include Ebonyi, Benue, Kogi, Gombe, Plateau, Kaduna, Nasarawa, Enugu, Delta, Anambra, Rivers, Borno, Oyo, Ogun, the Federal Capital Territory, and Lagos.

The majority of confirmed cases are among individuals aged 21 to 40, with both men and women affected. This age group is the most socially and economically active, increasing their exposure to the disease. Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness that is transmitted to humans through contact with contaminated food or household items, typically infected by the urine or faeces of infected rats.

The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention’s report highlights the need for continued vigilance and preventive measures to combat the outbreak. The fact that most cases are among the most productive segment of the population underscores the potential economic and social impacts of the disease. As the situation continues to evolve, it is essential to monitor the outbreak closely and implement effective control strategies to mitigate its effects.

The Nigerian government and health authorities must work to enhance public awareness and education on Lassa fever prevention, particularly in the most affected areas. By taking proactive steps, it is possible to reduce the transmission of the disease and minimize its consequences. The international community should also be aware of the situation and offer support where necessary to help Nigeria combat this public health challenge.