Nigeria has recorded a significant number of Lassa fever cases, resulting in 176 deaths, according to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. The latest epidemiological report, which covers data up to Epidemiological Week 43 of 2025, indicates a Case Fatality Rate of 18.4 per cent. This rate is higher than the 16.6 per cent recorded during the same period in 2024.

Lassa fever is an acute viral haemorrhagic illness caused by the Lassa virus, primarily transmitted through contact with contaminated food or household items. The disease is endemic in the rodent population across parts of West Africa, including Nigeria. As of Week 43, the country has reported a total of 955 confirmed cases, with 21 states and 102 local government areas affected.

The report notes that the number of new confirmed cases increased from nine in Epidemiological Week 42 to 11 in Week 43, all of which were reported in Ondo State. The majority of confirmed cases, approximately 88 per cent, were reported from four states: Ondo, Bauchi, Edo, and Taraba. The remaining 12 per cent were reported from 17 other states with confirmed cases.

The World Health Organization describes Lassa fever as a significant public health concern in West Africa. The disease is typically transmitted through contact with the urine or faeces of infected Mastomys rats. Nigeria’s NCDC continues to monitor the situation and provide updates on the outbreak.

The increased Case Fatality Rate and number of confirmed cases underscore the need for continued vigilance and public health measures to control the spread of Lassa fever. The NCDC’s efforts to track and respond to the outbreak are crucial in mitigating the impact of the disease. As the situation evolves, it is essential to remain informed about the latest developments and take necessary precautions to prevent the transmission of Lassa fever.